“What line of work are you in?” and “What do you do for a living?” are the two common questions you can ask someone to know about their job. You can also ask “What excites you most about your job?” and “What is the culture like at your office?” to know about their job nature and work environment.
How do you politely ask what is your job?
Two other friendly ways to ask some about their work are “What kind of work do you do?” and “What line of work are you in?” You can answer in the same way, saying something like, “I run an arts program for teenagers” or “I'm a musician.”
What can I ask instead of how's work?
"What happened at work today?" Asking this question lets the person you're talking to evaluate what happened today and unpack it for you by first getting them to think about the state and quality of their day.