When to use floating labels?
Floating Labels: No Room for Hints
An informative hint can help users out when they're unsure of the proper input. Floating labels don't leave much room for hints because the label occupies the placeholder space.
Are floating labels good?
They have poor contrast
Like placeholder text, floating labels have low contrast to differentiate it but low contrast text is hard-to-read. Depending on the design, when the label floats outside of the field, its colour will need to change. Otherwise the text will be lost against the background colour.